Livorno

Livorno (lē vôr`nô), Brit. Leghorn, city (1991 pop. 167,512), capital of Livorno prov., Tuscany, central Italy, on the Ligurian Sea and on the Aurelian Way. It is a busy commercial, industrial, and tourist center and is one of the most important ports of Italy. Manufactures include refined petroleum, iron, steel, aluminum, copper, metal minerals, chemicals, ships, vehicles, machinery, and electrical equipment. The city has major shipyards and a fishing industry. A fortified castle in the Middle Ages, Livorno was developed (16th cent.) into a flourishing city by the Medici. In 1590, Ferdinand I, grand duke of Tuscany, made it a free port and opened it to all religious and political refugees. The city was badly damaged in World War II. Points of interest include the cathedral (16th cent., restored after 1945) and the remains of the 17th-century city wall. The Italian naval academy is there.

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Livorno

 English Leghorn

City (pop., 2001 prelim.: 148,143), Tuscany region, central Italy, on the Ligurian Sea. Originally a fishing village, it came under Florentine rule in 1421. Cosimo I began construction of the Medici Harbour in the 16th century, and under Ferdinand I of Tuscany (1549–1609) the city became a haven for refugees. In the 18th century Leopold II enlarged the harbour and gave privileges to foreign merchants. Livorno became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1860. One of Italy's largest ports, it has extensive commercial activities and a large shipbuilding yard. Historic sites include a cathedral and a 16th-century fort.

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Livorno

a port in W central Italy, in Tuscany on the Ligurian Sea: shipyards; oil-refining. Pop.: 156 274 (2001)