Marmont, Auguste Frédéric Louis Viesse de

Marmont, Auguste Frédéric Louis Viesse de (ōgüst` frādārēk` lwē vyĕs də märmôN`), 1774–1852, marshal of France. He fought with Napoleon in Italy and Egypt and took part in his coup of 18 Brumaire (1799). In 1808 he was made duke of Ragusa and later governor of Illyria. He succeeded André Masséna as commander in the Peninsular War, but was defeated (1812) at Salamanca. In command of the defense of Paris in 1814, he was forced to surrender and later signed a convention with the allies that prevented Napoleon from retaking Paris. During the Restoration he supported King Charles X, and he left France when Charles was overthrown in 1830. He wrote memoirs.