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Martin Opitz

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Opitz, Martin 

Born Dec. 23, 1597, in Bunzlau; died Aug. 20, 1639, in Danzig. German poet, classicist, and art theorist.

Opitz studied law and philology in Heidelberg and was in the diplomatic service of various princes. In his treatise Aristarchus (1617), he called on Germans to study and perfect their native language. In Buch von der deutschen Poeterey (1624) he provided a theoretical basis for the use of syllabotonic versification, which had become firmly established in German poetry. His poetry, written mostly to illustrate his theory, was based on the traditions of the classics and the Renaissance. Opitz introduced new forms, furthered the German literary language, and helped free poetry from antiquated medieval traditions. His best work is the narrative poem Trostgedichte in Widerwärtigkeit des Krieges (1633).

WORKS

Gesammelte Werke, vol. 1. Stuttgart, 1968.

REFERENCE

Purishev, B. Ocherki nemetskoi literatury XV-XVII v. Moscow, 1955.


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Poetry, Knape observes, did not provide an item of analysis and discussion until the seventeenth century, when Martin Opitz, following Latin and French models, established a framework for literary creation and criticism that definitively supplanted the native, non-written tradition of the Meistersinger, whose practices were rooted in medieval Minnesang.
27) Martin Opitz conceived his "Poems of Consolation in Adversities of War" equally early in the war, in 1621, before the true horrors of the war had begun, and suggested that: "The poor farmer has left everything/like when a dove sees a falcon in a stoop/his estate is stolen away, his buildings burned down/his animals gone, the barns knocked down/the noble vine ripped out/trees stand no more/the gardens are devastated/the sickle and plow are now a sharp sword.
In his treatment of the continuo song in parts 2-4, Braun begins with early developments in Saxony (Leipzig and Dresden), and first focuses on the works of Johann Hermann Schein (1586-1630), most of which predate the important poetic reforms of Martin Opitz (1597-1639) and prefigure the continuo song.
 
 
 
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