Maximian (redirected from Maximian (emperor))

Maximian (Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus) (măksĭm`ēən), d. 310, Roman emperor, with Diocletian (286–305). An able commander, he was made caesar (subemperor) by Diocletian in 285 and augustus in 286. He was in general charge of the empire in the West but failed to put down the revolt of Carausius. Two new caesars, Galerius and Constantius I, were created in 293, and Constantius was successful against Carausius. Maximian abdicated with Diocletian in 305, but the death of Constantius in 306 brought confusion to the political scene—there was a struggle for power among Severus (d.307), Galerius, Constantine (Constantine I, son of Constantius), and Maxentius (son of Maximian). Maximian plunged into the conflict, at first to aid his son in Italy; he captured Severus, repulsed Galerius, and won over Constantine, to whom he gave his daughter Fausta in marriage. Then Maximian and Maxentius became enemies, and, having failed to depose his son, Maximian fled to Constantine and abdicated again (308). He could not, however, rest content but revolted against Constantine. In 310 he was forced to commit suicide.

---

Maximian

 in full Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus

(born c. AD 250, Sirmium, Pannonia Inferior—died c. July 310) Roman emperor with Diocletian (286–305). Assigned the government of the West, he could not suppress revolts in Gaul and Britain; Constantius I Chlorus took charge of these, leaving him Italy, Spain, and Africa. Though known as a persecutor of Christians, he probably acted on Diocletian's orders. He reluctantly abdicated with Diocletian but recanted to support his son Maxentius's claim as caesar. Forced to abdicate again, he lived at the court of his son-in-law, Constantine I. After raising a failed revolt against Constantine, he committed suicide.

---

Maximian 

(Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus). Born A.D. 240; died 310. Roman emperor in 286-305 and 307-310. Son of a peasant from Pannonia.

Maximian rose to the highest ranks of military service. In 285, Diocletian proclaimed him Caesar, and in 286 Augustus, his coruler. Maximian was noted for his harshness in suppressing the uprisings of the Bagaudae in Gaul (285) and the German tribes (286). In 290-291 he repulsed the onslaught of the Mauretanian tribes in Africa. He supported Diocletian’s reforms. In 305, with Diocletian, he renounced the throne, but in 307 he declared himself Augustus again. He was killed in a struggle for power. (According to the official version, he committed suicide.)