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Methemoglobinemia

   Also found in: Medical, Wikipedia 0.01 sec.
methemoglobinemia [¦met‚hē·mə·glō·bə′nē·mē·ə]
(medicine)
The presence of methemoglobin in the blood.
Methemoglobinemia 

the appearance of methemoglobin in the blood as a result of the toxic effect of various chemical substances (nitrates and nitrites, aniline, pyridine) that are capable of converting hemoglobin to methemoglobin (MtHb) upon entering the body through the skin, digestive tract, or lungs. With considerable methemoglobinemia, oxygen starvation, or hypoxia, may result. Methemoglobin may be excreted with the urine (methemoglobinuria); this is sometimes damaging to the kidneys. Methemoglobinemia is treated with antidotes (methylene blue, ascorbic acid) and oxygen therapy.
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Exposure of infants to high levels of nitrate in drinking water is associated with infant methemoglobinemia.
Nitrate, coliforms, and Cryptosporidium spp. as indicators of stream ... by Journal of Environmental Health
Acute methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia with phenazopyridine: possible relation to acute renal failure.
An over-the-counter omission by Scheurer, Danielle Bowen / Southern Medical Journal
The current MCL for nitrates of the United States, Europe, and World Health Organization are all based on the flawed American Public Health Association survey from 1948 in which "special emphasis was placed on restricting the data to those [infantile methemoglobinemia cases] definitely associated with nitrate-contaminated water" (Walton 1951).
Dietary nitrate: where is the risk? by Addiscott, Tom / Environmental Health Perspectives
 
 
 
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