Montcalm, Louis-Joseph de Montcalm-Grozon, marquis de

Montcalm (de Saint-Véran), Louis-Joseph de Montcalm-Grozon, marquis de

(born Feb. 28, 1712, Château de Candiac, France—died Sept. 14, 1759, Quebec) French military leader. He joined the French army at age 12 and fought in several European conflicts. In 1756 he was placed in command of French troops in North America, but his commission excluded most military resources in Canada. He forced the British to surrender their post at Oswego and captured Fort William Henry (1757). At the Battle of Ticonderoga (1758), he repulsed an attack by 15,000 British troops with a force of just 3,800 men. Promoted to lieutenant general, he received authority over military affairs in Canada. In 1759 a British force of 8,500 troops under Gen. James Wolfe marched on Quebec; in the ensuing Battle of Quebec, Montcalm fought with conspicuous gallantry and was mortally wounded.