Mountain, the definition of Mountain, the in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

Mountain, the, in French history, the label applied to deputies sitting on the raised left benches in the National Convention during the French Revolution. Members of the faction, known as Montagnards [Mountain Men] saw themselves as the embodiment of national unity. Its followers included Jacobins Jacobins (jăk`əbĭnz), political club of the French Revolution .
..... Click the link for more information. elected from Paris as well as the Cordeliers Cordeliers (kôrdəlyā`), political club of the French Revolution.
..... Click the link for more information. and the followers of Jacques Roux Roux, Jacques (zhäk r

), d. 1794, French revolutionary.
..... Click the link for more information. . Approximately 300 of the 750 deputies associated themselves with the Mountain. Although party lines were not sharply drawn, the Mountain's opponents were the more moderate Girondists Girondists (jĭrŏn`dĭsts) or Girondins
..... Click the link for more information. . Prominent Montagnards Robespierre Robespierre, Maximilien Marie Isidore (mäksēmēlyăN` märē` ēzēdôr` rôbĕspyĕr`)
..... Click the link for more information. , Georges Danton Danton, Georges Jacques (zhōrzh zhäk däNtôN`)
..... Click the link for more information. , and Jean Paul Marat Marat, Jean Paul (zhäN pōl märä`), 1743–93, French revolutionary, b. Switzerland.
..... Click the link for more information. were elected from Paris. The fall of the Girondists (June, 1793) was a victory for the Mountain, whose members ruled France under the Reign of Terror Reign of Terror, 1793–94, period of the French Revolution characterized by a wave of executions of presumed enemies of the state. Directed by the Committee of Public Safety, the Revolutionary government's Terror was essentially a war dictatorship, instituted to
..... Click the link for more information. (1793–94). The Montain sponsored the Revolutionary Tribunal, the surveillance committees, the Committee of Public Safety, and the levée en masse. Its deputies went on missions, wielding unlimited powers, to defend the Revolution in the provinces and at the fronts. It was supported by Jacobin propaganda. The fall of Robespierre, 9 Thermidor (July 27, 1794), supported by some of the Mountain, split the Mountain and led to its downfall. The romance of the Mountain led the revolutionary left of 1848 to call themselves the Mountain as well. See Plain, the Plain, the, in French history, term designating the independent members of the National Convention during the French Revolution . The name was applied to them because, in contrast to the radical Mountain , they occupied the lower benches of the chamber.
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