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Muhammad Abduh |
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Muhammad Abduh 1849–1905, Egyptian Muslim religious reformer. His encounter in 1872 with Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani, in the Cairo mosque-university of al-Azhar, led to his transition from asceticism to an activism seeking the renaissance of Islam and the liberation of the Muslims from colonialism. Abduh advocated the reform of Islam by bringing it back to its pristine state, and casting off what he viewed as its contemporary decadence and division. His views were faced by opposition from the established political and religious order, but were later embraced by Arab nationalism after World War I. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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He and others, like Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi and Muhammad Abduh, failed to convince the Muslims with whom they argued to include ijtihad (private opinion, often equated with ra'i) and ta'wil (interpretation based on accepted commentaries) as legitimate forms of Muslim interpretation. Ahmed Ibrahim Abu Shouk discusses the role of an immigrant Sudanese, Ahmad Muhammad al-Surkati, who helped propagate the reformist doctrines of Muhammad Abduh in Southeast Asia. Muhammad Abduh was born in Eypt in the mid-19th century. |
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