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National Science Foundation |
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National Science Foundation (NSF), an independent agency in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government concerned with promoting a national science policy by supporting basic research and education in science. The National Science Board is the policy-making body of the NSF. It consists of 25 members appointed by the president with the consent of Congress. Founded in 1950, the NSF does not conduct research of its own but makes support grants to qualified educational and nonprofit institutions and awards fellowships to individual scientists, teachers, and students. The foundation supports projects in the mathematical, physical, medical, biological, social, and engineering sciences, including the U.S. Antarctic Program, the Ocean Drilling Program, and programs in global geoscience. It supports the development of improved science curriculum materials and fosters the interchange of scientific ideas nationally and internationally. Among the more important permanent NSF-supported facilities are: National Center for Atmospheric Research (Boulder, Colo.), National Radio Astronomy Observatory (Green Bank, W.Va.), Kitt Peak National Observatory (Tucson, Ariz.), National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (Arecibo, Puerto Rico), and Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (La Serena, Chile).
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| A 2005 National Science Board (NSB) report showed that the United States now ranks 17th (among developed nations) in the proportion of college students majoring in science and engineering. National Science Board as reporting in 1974: "During the last 20 to 30 years, world temperature has fallen, irregularly at first but more sharply over the last decade. preeminence in science and technology is being threatened by lack of student interest, according to a report issued by the National Science Board (NSB). |
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