New York Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra definition of New York Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

New York Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra, dating from 1842, the oldest symphony orchestra in the United States. Its present name derives from the merger (1928) of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra with the New York Symphony Orchestra. The Philharmonic Society of New York was formed (1842) and gave its first concert that year. Ureli Corelli Hill, its first president, was also its first conductor (1842–47) and a violinist. The first permanent conductor, Carl Bergmann, was appointed in 1865 and remained until 1876. Other important conductors were Leopold Damrosch Damrosch, Leopold, 1832–85, German conductor. After taking a degree in medicine, he became (1857) first violinist in the ducal orchestra at Weimar, where he was a friend of Liszt and Wagner.
..... Click the link for more information. (1876–77), Theodore Thomas (1877–78; 1879–91), Anton Seidl (1891–98), Walter Damrosch Damrosch, Walter Johannes, 1862–1950, German-American conductor and composer; son of Leopold Damrosch. At his father's death in 1885, he finished the season as conductor of the Metropolitan Opera, New York City, and conducted there with Anton Seidl until 1891.
..... Click the link for more information. (1902–3), Gustav Mahler Mahler, Gustav , 1860–1911, composer and conductor, born in Austrian Bohemia of Jewish parentage. Mahler studied at the Univ. of Vienna and the Vienna Conservatory.
..... Click the link for more information. (1909–11), and Josef Stransky (1911–23). In 1921 the Philharmonic merged with the National Symphony Orchestra, whose conductor, J. W. Mengelberg Mengelberg, Josef Willem , 1871–1951, Dutch conductor. Conductor of the Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra (1895–1945), he was noted for interpretations of Mahler and Richard Strauss, whose Ein Heldenleben is dedicated to him.
..... Click the link for more information. , remained with the Philharmonic until 1930. After engagements as guest conductor, Wilhelm Furtwängler Furtwängler, Wilhelm , 1886–1954, German conductor, b. Berlin; son of Adolf Furtwängler. One of the greatest orchestral conductors of the 20th cent., he studied music in Munich, where he grew up.
..... Click the link for more information. was appointed (1925) permanent conductor. Arturo Toscanini Toscanini, Arturo , 1867–1957, Italian conductor, internationally recognized as one of the world's great conductors. He studied cello at the Parma Conservatory, from which he graduated in 1885.
..... Click the link for more information. was his successor (1928–36).

The New York Symphony Orchestra—the other component of the merged Philharmonic-Symphony—was founded by Leopold Damrosch in 1878 and conducted by him until 1885. His son Walter, who succeeded him, pioneered the performance of new works and brought symphonic music to many American communities for the first time. In 1920 this orchestra toured Europe, the first American group to do so.

After the 1928 merger Toscanini conducted until he was succeeded by John Barbirolli Barbirolli, Sir John , 1899–1970, English conductor and cellist, b. London. After being cellist (1920–24) in the International String Quartet, he organized the Barbirolli String Orchestra.
..... Click the link for more information. (1937–43), Artur Rodzinsky (1943–47), Bruno Walter Walter, Bruno, 1876–1962, German-American conductor, b. Berlin as Bruno Walter Schlesinger. Walter studied at the Stern Conservatory in Berlin. After he had conducted in several German cities, Gustav Mahler appointed him (1901) assistant conductor of the Vienna
..... Click the link for more information. (1947–49), Leopold Stokowski Stokowski, Leopold , 1882–1977, American conductor, b. London. Stokowski studied in England and at the Paris Conservatory. He was organist and choirmaster at St.
..... Click the link for more information. (1949–50), and Dmitri Mitropoulos Mitropoulos, Dimitri , 1896–1960, Greek-American conductor. A piano pupil of Busoni, in 1930 he substituted for an indisposed piano soloist and simultaneously conducted the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra.
..... Click the link for more information. (1949–58). Leonard Bernstein Bernstein, Leonard , 1918–90, American composer, conductor, and pianist, b. Lawrence, Mass., grad. Harvard, 1939, and Curtis Institute of Music, 1941. A highly versatile musician, he was the composer of symphonic works (the Jeremiah Symphony, 1944;
..... Click the link for more information. became musical director in 1958, retiring in 1969. He was succeeded by Pierre Boulez Boulez, Pierre , 1925–, French composer and conductor. He studied at the Paris Conservatoire with Olivier Messiaen (1944–45) and studied twelve-tone technique with René Leibowitz (1946). Boulez has been a leader of the avant-garde.
..... Click the link for more information. in 1971, who was, in turn, succeeded by Zubin Mehta Mehta, Zubin , 1936–, Indian conductor. Son of the violinist Mehli Mehta, founder and conductor of the Bombay Symphony Orchestra, Mehta studied medicine for two years before continuing the family's musical tradition.
..... Click the link for more information. (1978–91), Kurt Masur Masur, Kurt , 1927–, German conductor, b. Brieg, Germany (now Brzeg, Poland). Masur is noted for his performances of the German composers whose works form the core of the traditional symphonic repertoire and of modern Eastern European and Russian composers.
..... Click the link for more information. (1991–2002), and Lorin Maazel Maazel, Lorin Varencove, 1930–, American conductor, b. Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. A musical prodigy, he spent his childhood in Los Angeles, where he made his conducting debut at nine and his violin debut at fifteen.
..... Click the link for more information. (2002–).

Now commonly known as the New York Philharmonic, the orchestra plays summer concerts of a more popular nature in New York City's parks. It has made many recordings and toured in many parts of the world. In 1962 the orchestra moved into Philharmonic Hall, now Avery Fisher Hall, at Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, in central Manhattan, New York City, between 62d and 66th streets W of Broadway. Lincoln Center is a complex of many buildings, including the Metropolitan Opera, Avery Fisher Hall, the New York State Theater, the Juilliard
..... Click the link for more information. , and it now plays some 200 concerts each year.

Bibliography

See H. Shanet, Philharmonia: A History of New York's Orchestra (1974).

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