Noether, Emmy definition of Noether, Emmy in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

Noether, Emmy (Amalie Emmy Noether) (ämäl`yə ĕm`ē nö`tər), 1882–1935, German mathematician, b. Erlangen, Germany, grad. Univ. of Erlangen (Ph.D. 1908). She made important contributions to the development of abstract algebra, which studies the formal properties, e.g., associative law associative law, in mathematics, law holding that for a given operation combining three quantities, two at a time, the initial pairing is arbitrary; e.g., using the operation of addition, the numbers 2, 3, and 4 may be combined (2+3)+4=5+4=9 or 2+(3+4)=2+7=9.
..... Click the link for more information. , commutative law commutative law, in mathematics, law holding that for a given binary operation (combining two quantities) the order of the quantities is arbitrary; e.g., in addition, the numbers 2 and 5 can be combined as 2+5=7 or as 5+2=7.
..... Click the link for more information. , and distributive law distributive law. In mathematics, given any two operations, symbolized by * and +, the first operation, *, is distributive over the second, +, if a*(b+c)=(a*b)+(a*c) for all possible choices of a, b, and c.
..... Click the link for more information. , of algebraic operations. In 1915 she joined David Hilbert Hilbert, David,(1862–1943), German mathematician, professor at Königsberg (1886–95) and Göttingen (1895–1930), b. Königsberg, Germany.
..... Click the link for more information. and C. F. Klein Klein, Christian Felix (krĭs`tēän fā`lĭks klīn), 1849–1925, German mathematician.
..... Click the link for more information. at Göttingen Univ. at their invitation, and finally secured an official appointment there in 1919 (although with a salary until 1922). At Göttingen, Noether developed the theories of ideals and of noncommutative algebras. When the Nazis dismissed her and other Jewish professors in 1933, she immigrated to the United States, briefly teaching at Bryn Mawr College and at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, before she died.