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operon |
Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Medical, Wikipedia, Hutchinson | 0.03 sec. |
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operon, in genetics genome, or characteristic set of genes, that contains the total genetic information for an individual organism. In many familiar organisms two genes for each trait are present in each individual, and these paired genes, both governing the same trait, are called alleles. ..... Click the link for more information. , site on a bacterial chromosome containing genes that control protein synthesis (structural genes) together with a gene that determines whether the structural genes are active or not (operator gene). See nucleic acid nucleic acid, any of a group of organic substances found in the chromosomes of living cells and viruses that play a central role in the storage and replication of hereditary information and in the expression of this information through protein synthesis. ..... Click the link for more information. . operonGenetic regulatory system of single-celled organisms (prokaryotes) and their viruses, in which genes coding for functionally related proteins are clustered along the DNA, enabling their expression to be coordinated in response to the cell's needs. By providing a means to produce proteins only when and where they are required, the operon allows the cell to conserve energy. A typical operon consists of a group of structural genes that code for enzymes involved in a metabolic pathway, such as the biosynthesis of an amino acid. A single unit of messenger RNA is transcribed from the operon and is then translated into separate proteins. Operons are controlled by various regulatory elements that respond to environmental cues. The operon system was first proposed by Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod in the early 1960s. |
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CAP in the presence of cAMP stimulates transcription from several operons in Escherichia coli. It can infer the metabolic pathways, pathway hole fillers and operons of an organism from its sequenced genome. The aggregate virulence score was the number of different virulence markers detected in an isolate, adjusted for multiple detection of certain operons. |
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Operons
