Paris, Treaty of

(1229) Treaty by which Raymond VII of Toulouse conceded defeat to Louis IX of France after the Albigensian Crusade. It arranged the marriage of Raymond's daughter and Louis's brother and provided for the eventual return of Languedoc to the crown, thus destroying the independence of the princes of the south.

Paris, Treaty of

(1259) Peace treaty signed by Henry III of England and Louis IX of France. It allowed the English to keep Aquitaine and nearby territories but obliged Henry to acknowledge himself the vassal of the French king. The agreement kept peace between England and France until the outbreak of the Hundred Years' War in 1337.

Paris, Treaty of

(1763) Treaty concluding the Seven Years' War (including the French and Indian War). It was signed by Britain and Hanover on one side and France and Spain on the other. France renounced to Britain the mainland of North America east of the Mississippi, its conquests in India since 1749, and four West Indian islands. Britain restored to France four other West Indian islands and the West African colony of Gorée (Senegal). In return for recovering Havana and Manila, Spain ceded Florida to Britain and received Louisiana from the French.

Paris, Treaty of

(1814) Treaty signed in Paris that ended the Napoleonic Wars between France and the Allies (Austria, Britain, Prussia, Russia, Spain, Sweden, and Portugal). The terms were generous to France, since Napoleon had abdicated and the Bourbon dynasty was restored. France was allowed to retain its boundaries of 1792 and ceded only several islands to Britain. Other terms were left to be discussed later.

Paris, Treaty of

(1815) Second treaty between France and the Allies, following Napoleon's Hundred Days and final defeat. It was harsher than the first Treaty of Paris (1814). France was required to return to its borders of 1790 and was stripped of the Saar and Savoy regions; it was also obliged to pay an indemnity of 700 million francs and to support a 150,000-man army of occupation for three to five years.