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Paxton, Sir Joseph

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Paxton, Sir Joseph, 1803–65, English architect, noted for his use of glass and iron in a proto-modern manner. Beginning his career as a gardener and estate manager, he then built two greenhouses at Chatsworth, Derbyshire, for the duke of Devonshire. The first was the great conservatory (1836–40); the second was a smaller building, designed to protect the Victoria Regia water lily. This work served as a model for the Crystal Palace Crystal Palace, building designed by Sir Joseph Paxton and erected in Hyde Park, London, for the Great Exhibition in 1851. In 1854 it was removed to Sydenham, where, until its damage by fire in 1936, it housed a museum of sculpture, pictures, and architecture and was
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, built for the Great Exhibition of 1851. He was knighted for the success of this design.


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