Phytomass definition of Phytomass in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

Phytomass

the total amount of living organic plant matter, of both higher and lower plants, accumulated at a given moment in the aboveground and underground spheres of a terrestrial phytocoenosis, for example, a section of forest or a meadow, or in an aquatic phytocoenosis. The aboveground sphere includes annual organs, such as leaves, needles, offshoots, flowers, and fruits, as well as perennial organs, such as tree trunks and branches, lignified shoots of subshrubs and lianas, and perennial leaves and needles. The underground sphere includes roots, rhizomes, tubers, and bulbs, which may be annual or perennial. A phytomass also includes thalli and rhizoids of lower plants.

The structure of a phytomass depends on certain characteristics of the phytocoenosis, for example, its geographical location, primarily its latitude and biogeographical region. For example, roots constitute 20–25 percent by weight of the phytomass in the taiga zone and 70–80 percent or more in the desert zone. A phytomass can be measured by the weight of its absolute dry organic matter or of its carbon content. It can also be measured by length (especially for roots) or surface area (especially for leaves and needles). In forestry, phytomasses are expressed most frequently in units of volume, for example, m³, while energy units such as the erg are used in specialized research.

In the USSR, Japan, and other countries, the diameter at chest height (DVN) of many trees is correlated with the structural elements of the phytomass; it is possible to elaborate formulas to measure, with a fair amount of accuracy, the quantity of leaves or needles, trunk wood, branches, and roots by means of one of the parameters, for example, the DVN. Aerial methods also show promise in measuring the aboveground phytomass (for example, the quantity of forage harvested from pastures) with enough accuracy for practical use. The size of a phytomass may be used to determine the biological physiognomy of a phytocoenosis, its cycle of matter and energy, and its economic value.

REFERENCES

Rodin, L. E., N. P. Remezov, and N. I. Bazilevich. Metodicheskie ukazaniia k izucheniiu dinamiki i biologicheskogo krugovorota v fitotsenozakh. Leningrad, 1968.
Pozdniakov, L. K., V. V. Protopopov, and V. M. Gorbatenko. Biologicheskaia produktivnost’ lesov Srednei Sibiri i lakutii. Krasnoiarsk, 1969.
Gringof, I. G., K. G. Antonova, and B. M. Alekseev. “Operativnyi metod ucheta urozhaia rastitel’noi massy ilaka na pastbishchakh Karakumov.” Problemy osvoeniia pustyn’, 1969, no. 5, pp. 43–47.
Bazilevich, N. I., L. E. Rodin, and N. N. Rozov. “Skol’ko vesit zhivoe veshchestvo planety?” Priroda, 1971, no. 1.
Utkin, A. I. “Biologicheskaia produktivnost’ lesov (metody izucheniia i rezul’taty).” In Lesovedenie i lesovodstvo, vol. 1. Moscow, 1975.

L. E. RODIN

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No references found	With the exception of an increase in species of legumes, beach groundcherry, coastal mistflower, and Cyperaceae other than Juncus (all potentially beneficial foods for various species of wildlife), burning did little to change dynamics of phytomass that might impact quality of habitat for >2 years. Effects of burns conducted in summer and winter on vegetation of ... by Britton, Carlton M.; Rideout-Hanzak, Sandra; Brown, Steven D. / Southwestern Naturalist The SC SOC stocks can be increased (1) through increased soil productivity, which enhances the potential to form and accumulate green phytomass, which is later used to increase SOC stocks in deeper horizons (those beneath the most actively functioning soil layers), or (2) through deep ploughing, which mechanically disposes the SOC-rich layer into the less functioning deep layers, resulting in reduced decomposition or long-term SOC capturing in the soil. Stocks of organic carbon in Estonian soils/Orgaanilise susiniku varud ... by Kolli, Raimo; Ellermae, Olav; Koster, Tiina; Lemetti, Illar; Asi, Endla; Kauer, Karin / Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences Heavy metals interferes with several metabolic processes, causing toxicity to the plants as exhibited by reduced seed germination, root and shoots growth and phytomass, chlorosis, photosynthetic impairing, stunting and finally plant death (Gardea-Torresdey et al. Phytotoxicity and remediation of heavy metals by Alfalfa (Medicago ... by Jadia, Chhotu D.; Fulekar, M.H. /	Phytelephas phyteral phytic acid Phytin phytoalexin Phytobenthos phytochemistry phytochorology Phytochrome phytoclimatology Phytocoenology Phytocoenosis Phytocoenotype phytocollite phytoflagellate phytogenic dam phytogenic dune phytogeography phytohemagglutinin Phytohormone Phytol Phytolacca Phytolacca americana phytolectin phytolith Phytomass Phytomastigina phytometer Phytomonadida phytonadione Phytoncide Phytonic Theory Phytooncology phytopathogen Phytopathology Phytophagan phytophagous Phytophthora Phytophthoric Plant Diseases Phytophthra citrophthora phytoplankton phytoremediation Phytosauria Phytoseiidae phytosociology Phytosterol phytotoxin phytotron Phyxios Pi pi attenuator	Phytohormones phytoid phytoid phytol phytol phytol Phytolacca Phytolacca Phytolacca Phytolacca acinosa Phytolacca americana Phytolacca americana Phytolacca americana Phytolacca dioica Phytolacca dioica Phytolaccaceae phytolectin phytolectin Phytolite phytolith phytolith Phytolithologist Phytolithology Phytoliths Phytoliths phytologic phytological phytologist phytology phytology Phytomass Phytomastigina Phytomastigina phytomedicine Phytomenadione Phytomenadione Phytomenadione Phytomer phytometer Phytomining Phytomining phytomitogen Phytomonadida Phytomonas Phytomorphology Phytomyco Research Corporation Phytomyxea phyton phytonadione phytonadione phytonadione Phytoncide Phytoncides phytonic Phytonic Theory Phytonomy Phytonomy phytonutrient phytonutrient Phytonutrients Phytonutrients

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With the exception of an increase in species of legumes, beach groundcherry, coastal mistflower, and Cyperaceae other than Juncus (all potentially beneficial foods for various species of wildlife), burning did little to change dynamics of phytomass that might impact quality of habitat for >2 years.

Effects of burns conducted in summer and winter on vegetation of ... by Britton, Carlton M.; Rideout-Hanzak, Sandra; Brown, Steven D. / Southwestern Naturalist

The SC SOC stocks can be increased (1) through increased soil productivity, which enhances the potential to form and accumulate green phytomass, which is later used to increase SOC stocks in deeper horizons (those beneath the most actively functioning soil layers), or (2) through deep ploughing, which mechanically disposes the SOC-rich layer into the less functioning deep layers, resulting in reduced decomposition or long-term SOC capturing in the soil.

Stocks of organic carbon in Estonian soils/Orgaanilise susiniku varud ... by Kolli, Raimo; Ellermae, Olav; Koster, Tiina; Lemetti, Illar; Asi, Endla; Kauer, Karin / Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences

Heavy metals interferes with several metabolic processes, causing toxicity to the plants as exhibited by reduced seed germination, root and shoots growth and phytomass, chlorosis, photosynthetic impairing, stunting and finally plant death (Gardea-Torresdey et al.

Phytotoxicity and remediation of heavy metals by Alfalfa (Medicago ... by Jadia, Chhotu D.; Fulekar, M.H. /