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Pinkerton National Detective Agency

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Pinkerton National Detective Agency

U.S. independent police force. The agency was founded in 1850 by Allan Pinkerton (1819–84), former deputy sheriff of Cook county, Ill. It originally specialized in railway theft cases, protecting trains and apprehending train robbers. It solved the $700,000 Adams Express Co. theft in 1856, and in 1861 it thwarted an assassination plot against president-elect Abraham Lincoln. It later participated in anti-labour union activities (see Homestead Strike). It was instrumental in breaking up the Molly Maguires.


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In 1850, at the age of 32, he resigned the position to start the Pinkerton National Detective Agency, widely considered to be the first agency to provide private investigative services.
Founded in 1850, the Pinkerton National Detective Agency became synonymous with America's most important police work in the second half of the 19th century.
 
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