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Plato's Academy

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Plato’s Academy 

an ancient Greek philosophical school founded by Plato in approximately 387 B.C. in Athens; named for the mythological hero Academus (Akádēmos). The history of Plato’s Academy, which played an important role in the development of the idealism of antiquity, is divided into five stages. The so-called Ancient (first) Academy (Plato, Speusippus, Zenocrates, and others), lasting from the middle of the fourth through the middle of the third century B.C., promoted the development of mathematics and astronomy under the influence of Pythagorism. The Middle (second) Academy (Arcesilaus) and the New (third) Academy (Carneades) developed the ideas of skepticism in the battle against the dogmatism of the Stoics. The fourth and fifth academies were characterized by the attempt to unite the philosophy of Plato with the ideas of Stoicism, Pythagorism, and the Peripatetic school. From the fourth through fifth centuries (Plutarch of Athens) Plato’s Academy was identified with Neo-platonism. In 529, Plato’s Academy was closed by a decree of the Emperor Justinian. During the Renaissance an academy calling itself Platonic existed in Florence (1459–1521); its major representative was Marsilio Ficino.

REFERENCES

Istoriia filosofii, vol. 1. Moscow, 1940. Pages 249–58, 306–09.
Seel, O. Die Platonische Akademie. Stuttgart, 1953.

A. F. LOSEV



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390-310 BC), a member of Plato's Academy, is now often treated as a minor philosopher.
A pupil of Plato's, Aristotle was born in Thracia (now mostly Bulgaria) and joined Plato's Academy at the age of 18.
We may have über-technology, the internet, DNA and The Moral Maze, but the ethical beliefs and clear-headedness of those legendary first thinktanks - Plato's Academy, Aristotle's Lyceum, Zeno's Stoa and the Garden of Epicurus - still have a lot to teach us.
 
 
 
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