Pohai

Parhae

 Chinese Pohai

State established in the 8th century AD in northern Manchuria and northern Korea. Founded by a former Korean general, Tae Cho-yang, it was considered a successor state to Koguryo, which had occupied much of the same territory before its conquest by Silla in 668. Like Silla, Parhae was a tributary state of Tang-dynasty China. It traded with the nomadic tribes of the north and with China and Japan. Parhae was conquered in 926 by the Khitan tribes almost 20 years after their creation of the Liao dynasty on China's northern borders.

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Bohai, Pohai

a large inlet of the Yellow Sea on the coast of NE China. Also called: (Gulf of) Chihli

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Pohai 

(also Pohaikuo, “state near the sea”), an early feudal state in northeastern Asia. It existed from the beginning of the eighth century through 926. It included the southern maritime region, southeastern Manchuria, and northeastern Korea. The basic populations included the Tungus tribes of Moho, the Koguryo people, and the Chinese—up to 100,000 families in all. They earned a living by farming, animal husbandry, silkworm raising, hunting, fishing, and handicrafts. There was also mining. A high level was achieved in working with iron and other metals. Pohai had political, commercial, and cultural ties with neighboring states, particularly with China and Japan. Pohai flourished most under Ta Ch’in Mao (738–94, the third of the 14 wans of Pohai). In 926 the state was defeated by the Khitan people.

REFERENCES

Matveev, Z. N. Bokhai (Iz istorii Vostochnoi Azii VIII-X vv.). Vladivostok, 1929.
Okladnikov, A. P. Dalekoe proshloe Primor’ia. Vladivostok, 1959. Starikov, V. S. Material’naia kul’tura kitaitsev severo-vostochnykh provintsii KNR. Moscow, 1967.

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Pohai 

a strait on the Yellow Sea, between the Liaotung and Shantung peninsulas. It connects the gulfs of Liaotung and Pohaiwan with the open sea. The width at the narrowest point is 105 km. The strait is up to 36 m deep. The current flows mainly in a southerly direction; its velocity is approximately 1 km/hr. Ports on the strait are Talien, Lüshun (Port Arthur), and Yent’ai.