r`), fl. 1380–1416, family of Franco-Flemish manuscript illuminators. The Limbourg brothers, Pol, Jan, and Herman, were trained as goldsmiths. They succeeded Jacquemart de Hesdin Hesdin, Jacquemart de , fl. c.1384–1411, Franco-Flemish manuscript illuminator. Jacquemart illustrated numerous books of hours, including a number of manuscripts for Jean, duc de Berry...... Click the link for more information. in 1411 as court painters to Jean, duc de Berry. Their masterpiece is the magnificent book of hours book of hours, form of prayer book developed in the 14th cent. from the prayers of clerics appended to the main service. The subjects of the miniature illustrations (see miniature painting) were frequently derived from the appendix of the Psalter.
..... Click the link for more information. known as the Très Riches Heures (c.1415; Musée Condé, Chantilly). This is filled with exquisite illustrations of the daily life of the aristocracy and peasantry, including a series of calendar illuminations illumination, in art, decoration of manuscripts and books with colored, gilded pictures, often referred to as miniatures (see miniature painting); historiated and decorated initials; and ornamental border designs.
..... Click the link for more information. that are considered the finest extant examples of the International Gothic style (see Gothic architecture and art Gothic architecture and art, structures (largely cathedrals and churches) and works of art first created in France in the 12th cent. that spread throughout Western Europe through the 15th cent., and in some locations into the 16th cent.
..... Click the link for more information. ). The Limbourgs' influence upon Flemish painting, especially in landscape and genre genre , in art-history terminology, a type of painting dealing with unidealized scenes and subjects of everyday life. Although practiced in ancient art, as shown by Pompeiian frescoes, and in the Middle Ages, genre was not recognized as worthy and independent subject
..... Click the link for more information. subjects, was profound and extensive.
Limbourg brothers
or Limburg brothers(flourished c. 1400–1416) Flemish illuminators. Sons of a sculptor, the three brothers—Pol, Herman, and Jehanequin de Limbourg—learned the goldsmith's art in Paris and entered the service of the duke de Berry, for whom they produced one of the most famous of all illuminated manuscripts, a book of hours (private prayer book) known as the Très riches heures du duc de Berry (c. 1410–16). Since the brothers worked together, it is difficult to distinguish individual styles. They synthesized the achievements of their contemporaries into a style characterized by tall, aristocratic figures with lavish, curvilinear draperies and by highly naturalistic seasonal landscapes and scenes of peasant life. Their art did much to determine the course of early Netherlandish art. Their deaths in the same year suggest that they died of plague.
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