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Polisario |
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Polisarioofficially Popular Front for the Liberation of Saguia el Hamra and Río de OroSahrawi political and military group. Initially an insurgent against Spanish control of Western Sahara, it turned to agitation against Morocco and Mauritania when the Spanish withdrew in 1976 and those two countries partitioned the country. Mauritania made peace with the group in 1979, whereupon Morocco annexed the whole territory. Polisario continued its resistance, mostly from bases in Algeria. In 1991 it agreed to a ceasefire and a referendum, which has been repeatedly postponed by Morocco, to determine the state's fate. See also Saharan Arab Democratic Republic. |
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IN AUGUST 2005, President Bush asked me to undertake a diplomatic mission to Algeria and Morocco to facilitate the release of the longest-held prisoners of war in the world: 404 Moroccan soldiers, some of whom had been held since the 1970s by the Polisario Front operating out of Algeria. His 1975 decision to sign an agreement that divided mineral-rich Western Sahara between Mauritania and Morocco sealed his political fate, as Western Sahara separatists, the Polisario Front, fought for independence. The indigenous Saharawi people opposed the claims, forming the Frente POLISARIO and declaring a government in exile (the Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic) from their base in Algeria. |
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Polisario
