Prester John (redirected from Presbyter John)

Prester John, legendary Christian priest and monarch of a vast, wealthy empire in Asia or in Africa. The legend first appeared in the latter part of the 12th cent. and persisted for several centuries. At first the utopian realm of this Christian king was supposed to be in Asia, but later it was more generally placed in Africa. Letters supposed to have been written by him and about him were widely circulated in Western Europe.

Bibliography

See studies by V. Slessarev (1959) and R. Silverberg (1972).

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Prester John

Legendary Christian ruler of the East. He was believed to be a Nestorian and a king-priest (prester being short for presbyter, “elder” or “priest”) reigning in an unspecified part of the Far East. The legend arose during the Crusades in the 12th century, among European Christians who hoped that Prester John would prove an ally in the effort to regain the Holy Land from the Saracens. In the 13th–14th century various missionaries and travelers, including Marco Polo, searched for his kingdom in Asia. After the mid-14th century, Ethiopia was the centre of the quest, as Prester John became identified with the emperor of that African Christian nation.