Reduction of Labor definition of Reduction of Labor in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

Reduction of Labor

the objective process of reducing complex (skilled) labor to simple labor. All labor is distinguished by its degree of complexity, which depends on its content. Complex labor involves additional expenditures to train a skilled labor force and an increased use of labor power in production. It creates more value per unit of time than simple labor. Comparatively complex labor is simple labor raised a degree, or multiplied. In the exchange of commodities that are products of simple and complex labor, a smaller quantity of complex labor is equivalent to a larger quantity of simple labor. “A commodity may be the product of the most skilled labor, but its value, by equating it to the product of simple unskilled labor, represents a definite quantity of the latter labor alone” (K. Marx, in K. Marx and F. Engels, Sock, 2nd ed., vol. 23, p. 53).

In capitalist society, reduction of labor is a spontaneous social process that manifests itself in the exchange of commodities. Under socialism, where there is direct social labor, it is a planned process. Two basic tasks are linked to the reduction of labor. (1) The national economic labor-intensiveness of output in a given time must be calculated in order to improve the intersectoral balance of labor expenditures, to make a comparative analysis of the prices and labor-intensiveness of output, and to carry out other important economic calculations. (2) The qualifications required for different types of labor, based on the degree of complexity, must be worked out to improve the job evaluation scales for workers, an important means of organizing wages and ensuring uniformity in distribution according to work. The reduction factor may be calculated by such methods as comparing the socially necessary expenditures of labor to train workers with due regard for their skill level, establishing the ratio between the wage rates of workers belonging to different qualification groups, and making a comparative analysis of the complexity of the functions and factors in the labor process (the technological variant of the analytical method).

REFERENCES

Marx, K. Kapital, vol. 1. In K. Marx and F. Engels, Soch., 2nd ed., vol. 23, pp. 53, 183, 208–09.
Marx, K. Kapital, vol. 3. Ibid., vol. 25, part 3, p. 168.
Marx, K. K kritike politicheskoi ekonomii. Ibid., vol. 13, p. 17.
Engels, F. Anti-Dühring. Ibid., vol. 20, p. 318.
Strumilin, S. G. Problemy sotsializma i kommunizma ν SSSR. Moscow, 1961. Pages 174, 202.
Maier, V. F. Zarabotnaia plata ν period perekhoda k kommunizmu. Moscow, 1963. Pages 67–90.
Kapustin, E. I. Kachestvo truda i zarabotnaia plata. Moscow, 1964. Pages 116–251.
Moshenskii, M. G. Normirovanie truda i zarabotnaia plata. Moscow, 1971. Pages 55–60, 162–200.
Gomberg, Ia. I. Kvalifitsirovannyi trud i metody ego izmereniia. Moscow, 1972.

IA. I. GOMBERG

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No references found	Reduction of labor time As advances in technology assure that socially necessary production will require less and less labor, it becomes imperative to spread the savings in labor time among workers, so that everyone can work, but work less. Proposals for antiproductivist and Participatory socialism by Burke, R. / Synthesis/Regeneration On the threshold of today Labor report the exchange market reacted sharply to the reduction of claims for unemployment volume, increase in efficiency and the reduction of labor force cost. Veles Capital - Daily bonds review - Nov 6, 2009 by Russian Banks and Brokers Reports S2 lock is in the ease of installation resulting in a reduction of labor and costs. AMT's Support for SARGENT Wireless Lockset has Strong Managed Access ... by PR Newswire	reducible transformation Reducing reducing agent reducing atmosphere reducing coupling reducing flame reducing glass reducing joint reducing pipe reducing pipe fitting reducing power reducing socket reducing sugar Reducing Valve Reducing-Cooling Unit reduct reductant Reductio Ad Absurdum Reduction reduction cell reduction formula reduction gear reduction index reduction of area Reduction of Forces Reduction of Labor Reduction of Metals reduction of observations reduction of star places reduction of tidal current reduction of tides reduction potential reduction ratio reduction roll reduction rule reduction sequence reduction sphere reduction strategy reduction to sea level reduction to the meridian reduction to the sun Reduction, Photographic reductions reductive grammar Redundancy redundancy bit redundancy check redundant redundant array of inexpensive disks Redundant Array of Inexpensive Servers Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks	Reduction In Paper Exchange Reduction in Personnel Reduction in rank Reduction in Recordable Reduction In Recruitment Reduction in Total Ownership Cost Reduction in Workforce Reduction in Yield reduction index Reduction leukapheresis reduction mammaplasty reduction mammaplasty Reduction mammoplasty Reduction mammoplasty Reduction mammoplasty Reduction of Accidents and Aggressive and Inconsiderate Drivers Reduction of Administrative Workload reduction of area Reduction of Cardiac Operative Risk Reduction of Cholesterol in Ischemia and Function of the Endothelium reduction of chromosomes Reduction of Earthquake Losses in the Eastern Mediterranean Region Reduction of Enterprise Nutrient Discharges Project Reduction of Error Reduction of Excess Steam Emission and Air Leakage Reduction of Force Reduction of Forces Reduction of Labor Reduction of Metals reduction of observations reduction of star places Reduction of the Posterior Vertical Dimension reduction of tidal current reduction of tides Reduction on Yield Reduction Option Loan Reduction Option Loans Réduction Ouverte avec Fixation Interne Reduction potential Reduction potential reduction ratio Reduction Ratio of Viable Tumor Size Reduction reaction Reduction reaction Reduction reaction reduction roll reduction rule reduction sequence reduction sphere Reduction Strategies Reduction strategy Reduction Symmetry Method Reduction to a Previously Unsolved Problem reduction to order reduction to sea level

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Reduction of labor time As advances in technology assure that socially necessary production will require less and less labor, it becomes imperative to spread the savings in labor time among workers, so that everyone can work, but work less.

Proposals for antiproductivist and Participatory socialism by Burke, R. / Synthesis/Regeneration

On the threshold of today Labor report the exchange market reacted sharply to the reduction of claims for unemployment volume, increase in efficiency and the reduction of labor force cost.

Veles Capital - Daily bonds review - Nov 6, 2009 by Russian Banks and Brokers Reports

S2 lock is in the ease of installation resulting in a reduction of labor and costs.

AMT's Support for SARGENT Wireless Lockset has Strong Managed Access ... by PR Newswire

reducible transformation