Reza Shah Pahlavi, Mohammad

Reza Shah Pahlavi, Mohammad 

Born Oct. 26, 1919, in Tehran. The shah of Iran.

Reza Pahlavi was educated in Iran and abroad and graduated from a military academy in Tehran in 1938. He ascended the throne in September 1941, after the abdication of his father, Reza Shah Pahlavi. In September 1943 he declared war on fascist Germany. In 1955, the shah approved Iran’s joining the Baghdad Pact (CENTO).

According to Iran’s constitution, the shah has broad legislative and executive powers; he is the commander in chief of the armed forces, appoints all members of the government, and enjoys other prerogatives. During the 1960’s he proclaimed a number of reforms, including a land reform. Iran’s foreign policy, which is formulated by the shah, is one of expanding relations with all countries, regardless of social system. The shah advocates expanded cooperation with the USSR and has made several official visits to the Soviet Union.