Root Pressure

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Root Pressure

pressure arising in the conducting vessels of plant roots. Along with transpiration, root pressure causes sap (water and dissolved nutrients) to rise up through the stem. Root pressure is caused by osmosis: the cells of the root secrete mineral and organic matter into the vessels, creating greater osmotic pressure than in the soil solution. Root pressure is usually equal to 1–3 atmospheres (in some cases reaching 10 atm; 1 atm = 10⁵ newtons per sq m). Root pressure depends on the conditions of vital activities of the root. At low temperatures or when oxygen is lacking, the root pressure declines, and at the death of the root it is zero. The maximum root pressure occurs during the day, the minimum at night.

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