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tsar |
Also found in: Wikipedia, Hutchinson | 0.03 sec. |
tsaror czarByzantine or Russian emperor. The title, derived from caesar, was used in the Middle Ages to refer to a supreme ruler, particularly the Byzantine emperor. With the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453, the Russian monarch became the only remaining Orthodox monarch, and the Russian Orthodox clergy considered him a possible new supreme head of Orthodox Christianity. Ivan IV (the Terrible) was the first to be crowned tsar, in 1547. Though theoretically wielding absolute power, he and his successors were limited by the power of the Orthodox church, the Boyar Council, and the successive legal codes of 1497, 1550, and 1649. In 1721 Peter I changed his title to “Emperor of All Russia,” but he and his successors continued to be popularly called tsars. tsar, czar 1. (until 1917) the emperor of Russia 2. Informal a public official charged with responsibility for dealing with a certain problem or issue 3. (formerly) any of several S Slavonic rulers, such as any of the princes of Serbia in the 14th century How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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| On that day, Russian Tsar Ivan IV Vasilyevich (Ivan the Terrible) issued an edict, On the Establishment of a 1,000 Strong Guard Service in Moscow and Adjacent Areas, which in effect laid the groundwork for the first regular military formation that bore the hallmarks of a regular army. The Russian Tsar honoured Cerveny's work with a gold medal of the Order of St Anna and diploma "for zealous efforts to elevate wind instruments to highest degree of perfection", and the Czech master became the exclusive supplier for brass instruments for all the Tsar's regimental bands. There, they cut a deal with the Russian Tsar Peter the Great: In return for being allowed to create a small kingdom, the nomadic emigres would defend the Russian empire's frontier against invaders. |
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