Schetno-Analiticheskie Mashiny

Schetno-Analiticheskie Mashiny 

an obsolete term in Russian referring to machines that are used primarily for calculations in accounting and for the analysis of various statistical data.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries the term came to be applied both to machines with manual data input from a keyboard (seeKEYBOARD COMPUTER) and to machines actuated by holes punched in cards. In the 1920’s schetno-analiticheskie mashiny became a synonym for schetno-perforalsionnye mashiny, or perforatsionnye mashiny, which may be translated as “punch-card equipment.” The term schetno-analiticheskie mashiny remained in use in this sense until the 1950’s, when such terms as schetnaia tekhnika (calculator technology or equipment), schetnaia mashina (calculating machine), and schetno-reshaiu-shchee ustroistvo (calculating and problem-solving device) were supplanted by the more general terms vychislitel’naia tekhnika (computer technology or equipment), cychislitel’naia mashina (computer), and vychislitel’noe ustroistvo (computing system), respectively.

The older terms are based on the words schet (calculation or counting) and reshenie (solution) and the newer terms are based on the word vychislenie (computation or calculation). The word vychislenie can be construed as embracing both the carrying out of calculations and the solving of mathematical problems.