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Peres, Shimon
(redirected from Shimon Peres)

   Also found in: Wikipedia 0.02 sec.
Peres, Shimon (shē`mōn pâr`ĕs), 1923–, Israeli politician, b. Vishniva, Poland (now in Belarus) as Shimon Perski. He and his parents emigrated to Palestine in 1934; his grandparents were killed in the Holocaust Holocaust , name given to the period of persecution and extermination of European Jews by Nazi Germany. Although anti-Semitism in Europe has a long history, persecution of German Jews began with Hitler's rise to power in 1933.
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. Before the birth of the Israeli nation (1949) he served as manpower chief of the Haganah, the fledgling Jewish military. He subsequently was Israel's head of naval services and became director-general of the defense ministry in 1952.

Peres was first elected to the Knesset, Israel's parliament, in 1959. Instrumental in the formation of the Labor party (1968), Peres was minister of defense from 1974 to 1977, when he was elected party chairman. After losing two bids (1977 and 1981) for the prime ministership, he alternated (1984–86) in the office with Likud party leader Yitzhak Shamir Shamir, Yitzhak , 1915–, Zionist activist and Israeli politician, b. Poland. Emigrating (1935) to Palestine, he was twice arrested by the British for participating in a militant Jewish organization; in 1946 he fled to France.
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 in a national unity government and was widely praised for helping to remove Israeli troops from Lebanon and for slashing runaway inflation. He was later foreign minister (1986) and, after again losing to Shamir (1988), finance minister in unity governments led by the prime minister.

In 1992, Yitzhak Rabin Rabin, Yitzhak , 1922–95, Israeli general and statesman, b. Jerusalem, the first native-born prime minister of Israel (1974–77, 1992–95). His extensive military experience began in 1940 when he joined the Haganah (Jewish militia) and thereafter
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, who had just ousted Peres as Labor party leader, became prime minister and appointed Peres foreign minister. Peres negotiated the historic Oslo peace accords (1993) with the Palestine Liberation Organization Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), coordinating council for Palestinian organizations, founded (1964) by Egypt and the Arab League and initially controlled by Egypt.
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 (PLO), for which he was awarded, with Rabin and PLO leader Yasir Arafat Arafat, Yasir or Yasser , 1929–2004, leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), the coordinating body for Palestinian organizations, and head of Al Fatah, the largest group in the PLO.
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, the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize. In Nov., 1995, Rabin was assassinated, and Peres succeeded him as prime minister and defense minister. In the May, 1996, elections he narrowly lost the prime ministership to the Likud candidate Benjamin Netanyahu Netanyahu, Benjamin or Binyamin , 1949–, Israeli diplomat and politician, prime minister of Israel (1996–99), b. Tel Aviv.
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.

After the 1999 election of Ehud Barak Barak, Ehud , 1942–, Israeli military and political leader, prime minister of Israel (1999–). The son of East European immigrants in Palestine, he was born Ehud Brog, later adopting the Hebrew name Barak [lightning].
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 as prime minister, Peres was named minister of regional cooperation. In 2000 he was defeated in a Knesset election for the largely ceremonial position of president of Israel. Following Barak's defeat (2001) by Ariel Sharon Sharon, Ariel , 1928–, Israeli general and politician, b. Kfar Malal. He gained attention for his superb military leadership in the 1948 and 1956 Arab-Israeli Wars and was made a major general months before the 1967 war.
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, Peres became foreign minister in a government of national unity (2001–2) and later vice prime minister in a Likud-and-Labor-dominated coalition government (2005). Meanwhile, he again became party leader in 2003, but lost the post in late 2005 to union leader Amir Peretz. Subsequently, Peres lent his support to Sharon's formation (2005) of the centrist Kadima party. Under Prime Minister Ehud Olmert Olmert, Ehud , 1945–, Israeli politician. After serving in the army and working as a lawyer, he won election to the Knesset in 1973 as a Likud candidate.
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, Sharon's successor, Peres served (2006–) as vice prime minister and minister for the development of the Negev and Galilee.


Peres, Shimon

 orig. Shimon Perski

(born Aug. 16, 1923, Wolozyn, Pol.) Polish-born Israeli statesman. He immigrated to Palestine with his family in 1934 and joined the Haganah organization in 1947. After Israel achieved independence, he held a number of positions in the defense establishment (1948–65). In 1968 he helped establish the Israel Labour Party. The indecisive 1984 election led to a power-sharing arrangement with Likud candidate Yitzhak Shamir, the two men alternating as prime minister. During Peres's tenure (1984–86), Israel withdrew from most of Lebanon (see Lebanese civil war). He was foreign minister under Yitzhak Rabin (1992–95); Peres, Rabin, and Palestinian leader Yasir 'Arafat shared the 1994 Nobel Prize for Peace. Peres became prime minister again upon Rabin's assassination in 1995 but was narrowly defeated in his bid for reelection by Likud leader Benjamin Netanyahu in 1996. Although Peres declined to seek reelection as leader of the Labour Party in 1997, he later served as foreign minister (2001–02), deputy prime minister (2001–02), and vice prime minister (2005) in the national unity government led by Likud's Ariel Sharon. In 2003 Peres resumed the chair of the Labour Party but was unexpectedly defeated in the party's leadership election in 2005. He subsequently left the Labour Party.



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AaEgyptian President Hosni Mubarak emphasized to Israeli President Shimon Peres that the future of Jerusalem, which both Israelis and Palestinians claim as their capital.
Summary: Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak and his Israeli counterpart Shimon Peres on Sunday acknowledged differences over the issue of Jerusalem Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak and his Israeli counterpart Shimon Peres on Sunday acknowledged differences over the issue of Jerusalem, after talks in Cairo.
Summary: Israeli President Shimon Peres on Saturday used a speech honoring slain premier Yitzhak Rabin to urge Palestinian leader Mahmud Abbas to stay in power despite frustrations over the peace Israeli President Shimon Peres on Saturday used a speech honoring slain premier Yitzhak Rabin to urge Palestinian leader Mahmud Abbas to stay in power despite frustrations over the peace process.
 
 
 
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