Shubnikov-de Haas Effect

Shubnikov-de Haas effect [′shüb·nə‚kȯf də′häs i‚fekt]

(solid-state physics)

Oscillations of the resistance or Hall coefficient of a metal or semiconductor as a function of a strong magnetic field, due to the quantization of the electron's energy.

---

Shubnikov-de Haas Effect 

an oscillating dependence of the electrical resistivity p of single crystals of metals on the reciprocal of the strength of a magnetic field l/H. The effect, which is observed at low temperatures, was discovered by L. V. Shubnikov and W. de Haas in 1930 in single crystals of Bi.

The oscillation period is related to the area of extreme sections of the Fermi surface and depends on the direction of the field H with respect to the crystallographic axes. The oscillation amplitude decreases exponentially as temperature increases.

The Shubnikov-de Haas effect makes it possible to determine both the shape of the Fermi surface and the electronic energy spectrum. The nature of the Shubnikov-de Haas effect is the same as that of the de Haas-Van Alphen effect.