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Smith, Hamilton Othanel

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Smith, Hamilton Othanel, 1931–, American biologist, b. New York City, M.D. Johns Hopkins Univ., 1956. A professor at the Univ. of Michigan and Johns Hopkins Univ., Smith worked with Daniel Nathans Nathans, Daniel, 1928–99, American microbiologist, b. Wilmington, Del., M.D. Washington Univ., St. Louis, 1954. He became a professor at Johns Hopkins Univ. in 1962. Nathans worked with Werner Arber and Hamilton Othanel Smith in studying the nature of genes.
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 and Werner Arber Arber, Werner , 1929–, Swiss microbiologist. A professor at the Univ. of Geneva (1960–70) and later at the Univ. of Basel (1971–), Arber worked with Daniel Nathans and Hamilton Othanel Smith to understand the nature of genes.
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 studying the nature of genes. The trio discovered and used certain enzymes that break down genetic material in order to study hereditary mutation in bacteria. For their work the three received the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with David H. Hubel and Tosten N. Wiesel.


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