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Sokemen

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Sokemen 

a category of freemen (peasants with personal independence) in medieval England that formed during the Anglo-Saxon period. Sokemen were distinguished by their special obligations toward the lords. After the Norman Conquest (11th century), they subdivided into two categories, those classified as free tenants under common law (in contrast to the enserfed villeins) and the sokemen of “ancient title,” an intermediate stratum of landholders between the villeins and the free sokemen. In the 15th and 16th centuries, sokemen gradually merged with the broader category of free tenants called freeholders.
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But in the medieval world, there were degrees of freedom, predicated on degrees of land ownership, and your social identity reflected that, ranging from serfs to villeins to sokemen to freemen to thegns.
Breach of faith: towards a political genealogy of trust by Clifford, Michael / Forum on Public Policy: A Journal of the Oxford Round Table
Freeman and sokemen are recorded on about 10 per cent of estates, bordars on over 90 per cent, and villans and slaves on about 60 per cent of estates.
DOMESDAY ECONOMY: ANALYSIS OF THE ENGLISH ECONOMY EARLY IN THE SECOND ... by McDonald, John / National Institute Economic Review
 
 
 
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