Son

Son

Christianity the second person of the Trinity, Jesus Christ

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Son 

one of the earliest Lower Paleolithic cultures in northwestern India and in Pakistan. The Son culture is dated to approximately the same time as the Lower Paleolithic cultures of Europe and Africa. It was named after the Son River (a tributary of the Indus), in whose valley remains of the culture were first studied in the 1930’s.

The Son culture was characterized by the predominance of rough hacking tools made from river pebbles (chopper-chopping tools) and by rough flakes. Coups de poing were rare. The culture was distinguished by several stages of development: the pre-Son stage, represented only by thick and rough Clactonian flakes made of quartzite; the early Son stage, characterized by the appearance of chopper-chopping tools and primitive cores; and the late Son stage, which is dated to approximately the same time as the Mousterian culture in Europe and Africa and whose remains included finer and straighter flakes and Leval-loisian blades.

REFERENCE

Boriskovskii, P. I. Drevnii kamennyi vek luzhnoi i lugo-Vostochnoi Azii. Leningrad, 1971.

P. I. BORISKOVSKII

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Son 

a river in India, a right tributary of the Ganges. The Son is 780 km long and drains an area of 71,900 sq km. It originates on the Chota Nagpur Plateau and flows east for a distance of 480 km through a narrow valley at the southern feet of the Kaimur Hills; the lower course widens to 3–5 km. The water level is especially high in summer. The river, which is navigable in the lower course, is used for irrigation. The city of Dehri is on the Son.

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Son 

(1) In Cuba, a song and dance genre in Afro-Cuban music. In a son, known since the 17th century, a tune having different renditions sung by a soloist alternates with a recurring, short, choral refrain. The melody is characterized by 2/4 time, a sharply syncopated rhythm, and a moderately fast tempo. The son is performed to the accompaniment of stringed instruments, played pizzicato, and percussion instruments.

(2) In Mexico, a Creole song and dance genre that was especially popular in the 19th century. The choreography of the son originates from the Spanish fandango. The melodies are characterized by harmony in a major mode, a lively tempo, and 3/4 time and other meters. Accompanied by lyric or humorous singing, the son is backed by mariachis—instrumental ensembles that include violins and the guitarrón and jaranita (two types of guitars) and sometimes trumpets or clarinets.