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Sousa, Martim Afonso de

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Sousa, Martim Afonso de (mərtēm` əfôn`zō dĭ sō`zə), 1500?–1564, Portuguese colonial administrator. A military man, he was commissioned in 1530 to drive the French corsairs from the Brazilian coasts and to establish colonies. He succeeded in clearing the coasts, founded the colony of São Vicente, established sugarcane growing, and introduced other crops and cattle. He initiated the successful settlement and colonization of Brazil that was continued by Tomé de Sousa, Mem de Sá, Mem de , d. 1572, Portuguese colonial official, governor-general of Brazil (1557?–1572). He drove (1567) the French colony from Guanabara Bay and founded the city of Rio de Janeiro at its site.
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, and the Jesuits Manuel de Nóbrega and José de Anchieta Anchieta, José de , 1530–97, Brazilian Jesuit missionary, b. Canary Islands of Spanish parents. A tireless traveler and pioneer, he spread Portuguese control and settlement and was a founder of the city of São Paulo.
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