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Soyuz

   Also found in: Wikipedia, Hutchinson 0.06 sec.

Soyuz

Any of several versions of Soviet/Russian manned spacecraft launched since 1967. Originally conceived for the U.S.S.R.’s Moon-landing program, which was canceled in 1974, the modular craft has served mainly as a crew ferry to and from Earth-orbiting space stations, specifically the Salyut stations, Mir, and the International Space Station (ISS). The first version accommodated three persons but was later modified for a crew of two to make room for additional life-support equipment. Soyuz T, introduced in 1979, restored the third crew seat. Soyuz TM, an upgrade featuring a variety of new systems, made its first manned flight in 1987 when it carried Mir’s second crew to the then-embryonic station. The Soyuz TMA debuted in 2002 with a manned flight to the ISS; its design incorporated changes to meet certain NASA requirements as an ISS “lifeboat,” including eased height and weight restrictions for crew members.



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Three space tourists have already taken rides aboard the Russian Soyuz spaceships, but the fares weren't cheap, each paid $20 million.
Some argue that the dawn of commercial space travel occurred in 2001, when American Dennis Tito spent $20 million to fly on a Russian Soyuz rocket to the International Space Station, where he stayed from April 28 to May 6, 2001.
It was launched from a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in April and scheduled to return in October.
 
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