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Staffordshire ware

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Staffordshire ware, various products of the Potteries Potteries, the, area, c.9 mi (15 km) long and 3 mi (4.8 km) wide, Staffordshire, W central England, extending northwest-southeast in the upper Trent valley. The area includes Stoke-on-Trent and part of Newcastle-under-Lyme .
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 district, one of the most famous areas in England for the production of pottery. Late 17th-century slipware slipware, pottery decorated with various colors of slip, a thin mixture of clay and water. Slip may form a design on a contrasting background, or lines may be scratched through a coating of slip to show the color beneath, in the style called graffito.
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 such as that attributed to Thomas Tofts shows a naïveté and liveliness that make its examples among the most desired objects of ceramics collectors. Stoneware stoneware, hard pottery made from siliceous paste, fired at high temperature to vitrify (make glassy) the body. Stoneware is heavier and more opaque than porcelain and differs from terra-cotta in being nonporous and nonabsorbent.
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 also was produced in the late 17th cent. and attained high quality. A white salt-glazed ware appeared in the first half of the 18th cent. Enamel glazes on top of salt glazing allowed for increasing richness. The end of the 18th cent. saw the advent of porcelain porcelain [Ital. porcellana], white, hard, permanent, nonporous pottery having translucence which is resonant when struck. Porcelain was first made by the Chinese to withstand the great heat generated in certain parts of their kilns.
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 manufacture. Among the famous Staffordshire potters were Josiah Wedgwood Wedgwood, Josiah, 1730–95, English potter, descendant of a family of Staffordshire potters and perhaps the greatest of all potters. At the age of nine he went to work at the plant owned by his brother Thomas in Burslem, and in 1751, with a partner, he started
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, Thomas Minton Thomas Minton, 1765–1836, who founded a small pottery at Stoke-on-Trent. He first engraved the famous willow-pattern ware .

Herbert Minton, 1793–1858, succeeded his father as head of the firm, and to him was due its development and reputation.
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, and Josiah Spode Josiah Spode II, 1754–1827, took over the pottery factory in 1797. He is credited with having introduced feldspar into Spode ware and for producing pottery of a high technical excellence.
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