Substratum

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substratum [¦səb′strad·əm]

(geology)

Any layer underlying the true soil.

Substratum

remnants of an ethnic group’s former native language that have been retained in the language replacing the first, original language. The term also designates the original language itself, for example, the Celtic substratum in French, the Dacian substratum in Rumanian, the pre-Indo-European substratum—Hurrian-Urartaean—in Armenian, and the Iranian substratum in some Uzbek dialects.

The influence of the substratum may be observed at both the phonetic and phonological levels, in changes in articulation and in the modification of distinctive features. In grammar, it may be observed in functional changes in the original grammatical forms and in loan translations of syntactic constructions; in the lexicon, it is manifested by borrowings and caiques.

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No references found			So the guard of the Dover mail thought to himself, that Friday night in November, one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five, lumbering up Shooter's Hill, as he stood on his own particular perch behind the mail, beating his feet, and keeping an eye and a hand on the arm-chest before him, where a loaded blunderbuss lay at the top of six or eight loaded horse-pistols, deposited on a substratum of cutlass. A Tale Of Two Cities by Dickens, Charles View in context Without the body the brain would, of course, become a mere selfish intelligence, without any of the emotional substratum of the human being. The War Of The Worlds by Wells, H.G. View in context Firmly narrowing upward from this wealthy but inconspicuous substratum was the compact and dominant group which the Mingotts, Newlands, Chiverses and Mansons so actively represented. The Age of Innocence by Wharton, Edith View in context			Substation, Electric-Power Substatutory Act substellar object substellar point substituent Substitute substitute mode Substitution substitution alphabet Substitution Bone substitution cipher substitution group Substitution Method Substitution of Organs substitution reaction Substitution Reactions substitution solid solution substitution weighing substitutional impurity substitutive nomenclature substrain Substrate substrate failure Substrate Phosphorylation substratosphere Substratum substring Substructure Subsurface subsurface contour subsurface course subsurface current Subsurface Flow subsurface geology Subsurface Ice subsurface investigation subsurface irrigation subsurface radar subsurface sand filter subsurface sewage disposal system subsurface tillage subsurface utility subsurface waste disposal subsurface wave subsynchronous subsynchronous resonance subsystem Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications subtangent Subtangent and Subnormal subtenant			substrate depletion phase substrate failure Substrate Integrated Folded Waveguide Substrate Integrated Image Guide Substrate Integrated Rectangular Waveguide Substrate Integrated Slab Waveguide Substrate Integrated Waveguide Substrate language Substrate language Substrate language Substrate Phosphorylation Substrate Positive-Negative-Positive Substrate Simulator Substrate specificity Substrate specificity Substrate specificity Substrate-level phosphorylation Substrate-level phosphorylation Substrate-level phosphorylation Substrate-Removed substrates substrates substrates substrative substrative substrative substratosphere substratosphere substratospheric substratospheric Substratum Substratum (linguistics) Substratum (linguistics) Substratum (linguistics) Substratum Neurite Extension Factor substratums substratums substratums Substring Substring Substruct substruction substructional substructural substructural substructural substructural substructure substructure substructure substructure substructures substructures substructures substructures Substylar Substyle Subsulphate Subsulphide Subsultive Subsultory

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Substratum