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Sverre |
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Sverre (svĕ`rə), d. 1202, king of Norway (1184–1202). He claimed to be the illegitimate son of King Sigurd; the question of his paternity is still disputed. He spent his childhood in the Faeroe Islands, was educated for the priesthood, and went to Norway in 1176. The Birkebeiner faction, which opposed Erling Skakke and his son, the puppet king Magnus, adopted the cause of Sverre. The party took (1177) Trondheim, and a bitter civil war began. Sverre secured control of Norway in 1178, but Magnus with foreign aid continued to attack Sverre until Magnus's death in battle (1184). Civil war continued. From 1196 to 1201 the Baglar, an aristocratic and clerical faction, fought vigorously against the Birkebeiners, but it was defeated. The victory of the faction of the common people led to the destruction of aristocratic power and increased royal control. Sverre quarreled with the Archbishop of Trondheim, who refused to crown him and fled (1190) the country. As a result the king was excommunicated by Pope Innocent III. Sverre was succeeded by his son Haakon III.
BibliographySee biography by G. M. Gathorne-Hardy (1956). How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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However, in Sverre Fehn's perpetually ravishing Nordic pavilion, Norway, Sweden and Finland did not disappoint, presenting a study of Arctic cities Tromso, Kiruna and Oulu (slyly described as the Venice of the North), which examined the effects of the warming of the polar ice cap among more mundane development pressures. Holler and Backstrom removed the two glass walls from the elegant modernist edifice of the Nordic pavilion, thus heightening the sensation of transparency that was part of architect Sverre Fehn's original design. The second speaker in the session, Sverre Vedal of the National Jewish Medical and Research Center, explored various methodologies used in studies conducted on ambient air pollution and occupational exposures believed to be related to COPD, with an emphasis on how various study designs could be used in similar investigations of environmental risk factors for AAT deficiency (Vedal 2002). |
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