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Symmetric Matrix
(redirected from Symmetric matrices)

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symmetric matrix [sə′me·trik ′mā·triks]
(mathematics)
A matrix which equals its transpose.

Symmetric Matrix 

a square matrix S = ||sik|| in which any two elements that are symmetrically located with respect to the principal diagonal are equal: sik = ski, where i, k = 1, 2,…, n. A symmetric matrix is often treated as the matrix of the coefficients of some quadratic form. The theory of symmetric matrices and the theory of quadratic forms are closely related.

The properties of the spectrum of a symmetric matrix with real elements include the following: (1) all the roots λ1, λ2,…, λn of the characteristic equation of the matrix are real; and (2) to these roots there correspond n pairwise orthogonal eigenvectors of the matrix, where n is the order of the matrix. A symmetric matrix with real elements can always be represented in the form S″ = ODO-1, where O is an orthogonal matrix and



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456 QA251 Fourteen papers accepted for the December 2006 conference describe the structure of incidence rings of group automata, apply diagram categories from statistical mechanics to representation theory, and examine determinantal and Pfaffian ideals of symmetric matrices over general commutative rings.
 
 
 
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