Tahiti

Tahiti (tähē`tē), island (2002 pop. 169.674), South Pacific, in the Windward group of the Society Islands, French Polynesia. The capital is Papeete. Tahiti is the largest (402 sq mi/1,041 sq km) and most important of the French Pacific islands. The peninsula of Taiarapu, which forms E Tahiti, is joined to the western part of the island by the Isthmus of Taravao. Tahiti is mountainous, with four prominent peaks, the highest of which is Mt. Orohena (7,618 ft/2,322 m). The chief products are tropical fruits, copra, vanilla, and sugarcane; there are pearl fisheries off the coast. Tourism is easily the most important industry on the island. The inhabitants of Tahiti are mostly Polynesian, but there is a large Chinese minority.

The island was settled by Polynesians in the 14th cent.; the first European to visit Tahiti was the English navigator Samuel Wallis, and later visits were made by Capt. James Cook (1769, 1773, 1777), and by the Bounty under Lt. William Bligh (1788). English missionaries arrived in the 1797, and French missionaries by the late 1830s. In 1843 the Tahitian queen Pomare IV was forced to agree to the establishment of a French protectorate. After her death (1877) and the subsequent abdication (1880) of her son Pomare V, France made Tahiti a colony. During World War II the Tahitians voted (1940) to support the Free French; in 1946 all the indigenous inhabitants became French citizens. In 1995, French nuclear testing at two atolls about 750 miles away sparked protests on Tahiti. Paul Gauguin did many of his paintings in Tahiti, and Robert Louis Stevenson spent some time there. Tahiti was formerly called Otaheite and King George III Island.

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Tahiti

Island, Society Islands, French Polynesia, central South Pacific Ocean. The largest of the Society Islands, it occupies an area of 402 sq mi (1,042 sq km) in their eastern group. Papeete, the capital of French Polynesia, is on Tahiti. The island's interior is mountainous, rising to 7,339 ft (2,237 m) at Mount Orohena; its towns are located on the coastal plain. Long inhabited by Polynesians, it was visited by British Capt. Samuel Wallis in 1767 and in 1768 by Louis-Antoine de Bougainville, who claimed it for France. The first permanent European settlers were English missionaries who arrived in 1797. It became a French colony in 1880 and is now part of the self-governing overseas territory of French Polynesia. Continued French nuclear testing in the area has angered the inhabitants and brought calls for independence. Tourism is economically important.

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Tahiti

an island in the S Pacific, in the Windward group of the Society Islands: the largest and most important island in French Polynesia; became a French protectorate in 1842 and a colony in 1880. Capital: Papeete. Pop.: 169 674 (2002). Area: 1005 sq. km (388 sq. miles)

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Tahiti 

a volcanic island in the Pacific Ocean, the largest island of the Society group. A French possession. Area, 1,042 sq km. Population, 84,500 (1970). The city of Papeete is the capital and main port. Tahitians constitute the majority of the population; other nationalities include the Chinese, who account for more than one-fifth of the population, the French, and the demis, people of French-Tahitian extraction, who are culturally close to the French. The majority of the inhabitants are Christians, primarily Calvinists but some Roman Catholics. French is the official language.

Tahiti consists of two mountain massifs, with a maximum elevation of 2,241 m, connected by a narrow isthmus up to 2 km wide. The island is composed of basalts and is surrounded by a coral reef. It has a tropical maritime climate, with an annual precipitation of 1,400 mm. Tropical rain forests cover most of the island, and in the coastal lowland there are coconut, banana, sugar, vanilla, and pineapple plantations. Taro, yams, and sweet potatoes are also cultivated. The population also engages in fishing and pearl diving. Exports include copra, vanilla, and mother-of-pearl. Tahiti is popular with tourists.