Theodore II

Theodore II, Byzantine emperor of Nicaea

Theodore II (Theodore Lascaris), 1222–58, Byzantine emperor of Nicaea (1254–58), son and successor of John III. He fought the Bulgarians and temporarily regained parts of Thrace. He made Nicaea a cultural center. His son, John IV, succeeded him.

---

Theodore II, emperor of Ethiopia

Theodore II, emperor of Ethiopia: see Tewodros II.

---

Tewodros II

 or Theodore II

(born c. 1818—died April 13, 1868, Magela, Eth.) Emperor of Ethiopia (1855–68). Often called Ethiopia's first modern ruler, he came to the throne through the conquest of other chiefs. He reunified the various Ethiopian kingdoms into one empire, attempted to focus loyalty around the government rather than the Ethiopian church, and worked to abolish the feudal system. Though he failed in his aims, his example was followed by his successors. His reign ended when a British force under Robert Napier attacked in response to the imprisonment of several British citizens.