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Umayyad dynasty |
Also found in: Wikipedia, Hutchinson | 0.17 sec. |
Umayyad dynasty(661–750) First great Muslim dynasty. It was founded by Mu'awiyah I, who triumphed over the Prophet Muhammad's son-in-law, 'Ali, to become the fifth caliph. He moved the capital from Medina to Damascus and used the Syrian army to extend the Arab empire. The Umayyads' greatest period was under Abd al-Malik (r. 685–705), when their empire extended from Spain to Central Asia and India. Their decline began with a defeat by the Byzantine Empire in 717; intertribal feuding, discontent among non-Arab Muslim converts, and the failure of financial reforms eventually led to their unseating by the 'Abbasid dynasty. See also 'Abd al-Rahman III; Abu Muslim; al-Husayn ibn 'Ali. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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Cordoba, the center of government under the Umayyad dynasty, was the wonder of the western world until the collapse of the caliphate in the early eleventh century. Since Iran played a central role in Islamic history from the end of the Umayyad dynasty in 750 to the decline of the Seljuq dynasty ca. |
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Umayyad dynasty
