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Vane, Sir John Robert, 1927–2004, British pharmacologist, Ph.D. Oxford, 1953. With B. I. Samuelsson and Sune K. Bergström Bergström, Sune Karl , 1916–2004, Swedish biochemist, grad. Karolinska Institute (Ph.D., M.D., 1944). With his former pupil B. I. Samuelsson and John R. Vane, he was awarded the 1982 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
..... Click the link for more information. , Vane was awarded the 1982 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The trio won the prize for their identification and description of various compounds known as prostaglandins prostaglandin , any of a group of about a dozen compounds synthesized from fatty acids in mammals as well as in lower animals. Prostaglandins are highly potent substances that are not stored but are produced as needed by cell membranes in virtually every body tissue.
..... Click the link for more information. , which affect such functions as blood pressure and body temperature. Vane's work helped explain the effects on the body of aspirin aspirin, acetyl derivative of salicylic acid (see salicylate) that is used to lower fever, relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and thin the blood. Common conditions treated with aspirin include headache, muscle and joint pain, and the inflammation caused by rheumatic
..... Click the link for more information. , the world's most widely used drug and also contributed to the discovery and development of cox-1 and cox-2 inhibitors (see nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, a drug that suppresses inflammation in a manner similar to steroids, but without the side effects of steroids; commonly referred to by the acronym NSAID .
..... Click the link for more information. ). He was knighted in 1984.

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