Wang Ching-wei (wäng jĭng-wā), 1883–1944, Chinese revolutionary and political leader. A supporter of Sun Yat-sen Sun Yat-sen , Mandarin Sun Wen, 1866–1925, Chinese revolutionary. He was born near Guangzhou into a farm-owning family. He attended (1879–82) an Anglican boys school in Honolulu, where he came under Western influence, particularly that of
..... Click the link for more information. , Wang was sentenced (1910) to life imprisonment for attempting to assassinate the regent of China. Freed in 1912, he studied in France until 1917, when he became personal assistant to Sun. Upon Sun's death (1925) Wang became chairman of the national government, though he remained in conflict with Chiang Kai-shek Chiang Kai-shek , 1887–1975, Chinese Nationalist leader. He was also called Chiang Chung-cheng.

After completing military training with the Japanese Army, he returned to China in 1911 and took part in the revolution against the Manchus (see Ch'ing).
..... Click the link for more information. , who led the military and the right-wing of the Kuomintang Kuomintang [Chin.,=national people's party] (KMT), Chinese and Taiwanese political party. Sung Chiao-jen organized the party in 1912, under the nominal leadership of Sun Yat-sen, to succeed the Revolutionary Alliance.
..... Click the link for more information. . In uneasy truce, he served as premier (1932–35) and deputy leader of the Kuomintang (1938). Wang broke with Chiang in 1938, advocating peace with Japan and continued struggle against the Communists. From 1940 to his death he was premier of the Japanese puppet government at Nanjing.

Bibliography

See study by G. E. Bunker (1972).

Wang Jingwei

or Wang Ching-wei

(born May 4, 1883, Sanshui, Guangdong province, China—died Nov. 10, 1944, Nagoya, Japan) Chinese Nationalist Party figure, later head of the puppet regime established by the Japanese in 1940 to govern their conquests in China. A leading polemicist for Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary party, in 1910 he tried to assassinate the imperial regent and was caught; his courage in the face of execution resulted in his sentence being reduced. He was released the following year, after the republican revolution. In the 1920s he served as a major official in the Nationalist Party. After Sun's death, he chaired the party while Chiang Kai-shek allied with the communists in the Northern Expedition against China's warlords. Chiang and Wang vied for party control; in a compromise in 1932, Wang became president and Chiang headed the military. After war erupted with Japan, Wang flew to Hanoi, Viet., and issued a statement calling on the Chinese to stop resisting. In 1940, in collaboration with the Japanese, he became head of a regime that governed the Japanese-occupied areas centred on Nanjing. Though Wang had hoped to be granted virtual autonomy, the Japanese continued to exercise military and economic dominance. He died while undergoing medical treatment in Japan.

Wang Ching-Wei

Wang Chao-ming. Born circa 1884; died Nov. 10, 1944. Chinese political figure. Member of the Kuomintang.

Wang Ching-wei participated in the bourgeois Hsinhai Revolution of 1911. In 1925 and 1926 he was chairman of the Kuangchou Kuomintang government. From April through August 1927 he was chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang as well as chairman of the Kuomintang government in Wuhan. In July 1927 he led a counterrevolutionary coup in Wuhan. From 1932 to 1935, Wang Ching-wei was minister of foreign affairs in the Nanking Kuomintang government, and he was the leader of the pro-Japanese faction in the Kuomintang. In December 1938 he fled from the city of Chungking (the provisional capital of China) and openly went over to the side of the Japanese invaders. A traitor to his native land, Wang Ching-wei was head of the puppet government created by the Japanese imperialists in Nanking from 1940 to 1944. He died in Japan.

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