Whiskey Rebellion (redirected from Whiskey Rebellion (1794))

Whiskey Rebellion, 1794, uprising in the Pennsylvania counties W of the Alleghenies, caused by Alexander Hamilton's excise tax of 1791. The settlers, mainly Scotch-Irish, for whom whiskey was an important economic commodity, resented the tax as discriminatory and detrimental to their liberty and economic welfare. There were many public protests, and rioting broke out in 1794 against the central government's efforts to enforce the law. Troops called out by President Washington quelled the rioting, and resistance evaporated. Nevertheless Hamilton sought to make an example of the settlers and illustrate the newly created government's power to enforce its law; many were arrested. President Washington pardoned the two rebels who were convicted of treason. The tax was repealed in 1802.

Bibliography

See L. D. Baldwin, Whiskey Rebels (rev. ed. 1967); W. Hogeland, The Whiskey Rebellion (2006).

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Whiskey Rebellion

(1794) American uprising to protest a federal liquor tax. Farmers in western Pennsylvania rebelled against paying a tax on their locally distilled whiskey and attacked federal revenue collectors. After 500 armed men burned the home of the regional tax inspector, Pres. George Washington ordered 13,000 federal troops to the area. The rebellion quickly dissolved without further violence. The event established the authority of federal law within the states and strengthened support for the Federalists' advocacy of a strong central government.

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Whiskey Rebellion

uprising in Pennsylvania over high tax on whiskey and scotch products (1794). [Am. Hist.: NCE, 2967]

See : Riot

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Whiskey Rebellion

an uprising in 1794 of US farmers against oppressive taxation. The rebellion was in part caused by a law the American Congress passed in 1791, at the initiative of Secretary of the Treasury A. Hamilton, establishing an excise on grain liquor. The farmers of western Pennsylvania refused to pay the tax and drove the collectors away, killing several of them. In the summer of 1794 the rebels created leadership bodies—committees of correspondence—which urged resistance to the authorities. A meeting in Parkinson’s Ferry in August 1794 took up the question of creating a committee of public safety and transferring all power to it. The rebellion was suppressed in the autumn of 1794 by 15,000 troops under Hamilton’s command.

REFERENCES

Rochester, A. Amerikanskii kapitalizm, 1607–1800. Moscow, 1950. (Translated from English.)
Baldwin, L. D. Whiskey Rebels. Pittsburgh, Pa., 1939.