Wright, Sir Almroth Edward

Wright, Sir Almroth Edward, 1861–1947, British pathologist. He was professor of pathology (1892–1902) at the Army Medical School, Netley, and professor of experimental pathology, Univ. of London, and principal of the Institute of Pathology and Research (1902–46), St. Mary's Hospital, London. In 1906 he was knighted. An authority on vaccine therapy, he developed a system of antityphoid inoculation and a method of measuring protective substances in human blood (opsonins). His works include Pathology and Treatment of War Wounds (1942), Researches in Clinical Physiology (1943), and Studies on Immunization (2 vol., 1943–44).

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Wright, Sir Almroth Edward

(born Aug. 10, 1861, Middleton Tyas, Yorkshire, Eng.—died April 30, 1947, Farnham Common, Buckinghamshire) British bacteriologist and immunologist. While teaching at the Army Medical School in Netley (from 1892), he developed a typhoid immunization that used killed typhoid bacilli. It made Britain the only country with troops immunized against typhoid at the start of World War I, the first war in which fewer British soldiers died of infection than from trauma. He also developed vaccines against enteric tuberculosis and pneumonia. He was well known for advancing autogenous vaccines (vaccines prepared from a patient's own bacteria).