The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Affricates

consonants consisting of plosive (obstruent) and fricative elements; for example, Russian ts and ch. An affricate is a type of obstruent consonant the occlusion of which, when it is pronounced, does not terminate with the explosion of the plosive organs of speech but with their incomplete closure, which causes the formation of a fricative. Affricates are distinguished from combinations of plosive consonants with fricatives; compare Russian ch and tsh in the words ochutit’sia and otshutit’sia.

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References in periodicals archive

Elamite Phonemes / Graphical Units Sources: Stolper 2004: 70-73 Khachikian 1998: 5-10 * Elamite <z> is some sort of affricate (not [z]); Khachikian 1998: 7-8.

Brahui and the Zagrosian hypothesis

Some of the phonemes that have been resisted in the past are the alveolar trill and affricate [r] and [dz] respectively.

Lexical borrowing and the inter-dental fricative challenge in Ndebele

manner of articulation (for consonants): stop, fricative, affricate, nasal, lateral, semivowel, trill

Tree-based phone duration modelling of the Serbian language

Conversely the first C of tn- consonantal clusters word medially in Hindko can be astop fricative affricate or nasal but third C at the right edge is always a liquid or a flap.

HINDKO SYLLABIFICATION AND THE MAXIMAL ONSET PRINCIPLE (MOP)

passing to the northern affricate and these are restricted to a few words: zaschuna (V: 23); zo (I: 10) (V: 11) (VI: 14, 40); zoe (V: 39, 45, 48).

Evidence for early Tuscanisation in the commercial letters of the Milanese merchant Giovannino Da Dugnano (?-1398) in the Datini archive in Prato

In contrast, affricates and sibilants were less frequently confused with other consonants by the ONH subjects (particularly in coda position) and so remained closer to the circle circumference.

The voiceless affricate and voiceless stops demonstrate such kind of tendency.

Phonological comparison between Chhatthare Limbu and Athpahariya

s, s [s]) which facilitated the innovation of a three- or two-stepped system of affricates (e.g.

Aspects of the early history of Romani

Likewise one represents the alveolar palatal affricates graphically through the combination velar, dental or labial + r [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]).

Foundational questions of Tibetan morphology