The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Nicomedia

(now Izmit, Turkey), ancient city in Bithynia, founded in 264 B.C. by Nicomedes I as the capital of Bithynia. From 74 B.C., when Bithynia became a Roman province, Nicomedia was the province’s capital. In the fourth century A.D. it was the residence of the Roman emperors Diocletian and Constantine the Great, during which time it acquired great cultural significance and was called the Athens of Bithynia. Situated on the route from Asia Minor to the Balkans, Nicomedia was a major trade and artisan center in the classical and Byzantine periods. In 1337 it was captured by the Turks and subsequently renamed Izmit.

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References in periodicals archive

et al.The reaction of nitrite with the haemocyanin of Astacus leptodactylus.

Acute toxicity of nitrate in Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles at low salinity levels/Toxicidade aguda do nitrato em juvenis de Litopenaeus vannamei em baixa salinidade

De novo assembly and annotation of the freshwater crayfish Astacus astacus transcriptome.

De novo Assembly and Annotation of the Whole Transcriptome of Penaeus penicillatus

Harlioglu, "The harvest of the freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz in Turkey: harvest history, impact of crayfish plague, and present distribution of harvested populations," Aquaculture International, vol.

Effects of Different Treatments on the Quality and Safety of Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus)

Fine-structural observations on the gill filaments of the freshwater crayfish, Astacus pallipes Lereboullet.

Gill Morphology in the Red Swamp Freshwater Crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Crustacea: Decapoda: Cambarids) (Girard 1852) from the River Nile and its Branches in Egypt/ Morfologia de las Branquias del Cangrejo Rojo de Pantano de Agua Dulce Procambarus clarkii (Crustacea: Decapoda: Cambarids) (Girard 1852) del Rio Nilo y sus Ramas en Egipto

Temperature selection behaviour of cold- and warm-acclimated crayfish [Astacus astacus (L.)].

Behavioral thermoregulation and trade-offs in juvenile lobster Homarus americanus

On the sexual dimorphism and condition index in the crayfish Astacus astacus L.

Length-weight relationships associated with gender and sexual stage in the Northern Clearwater Crayfish, Orconectes Propinquus Girard, 1852 (Decapoda, Cambaridae)

The objective of this study is to determine temporally the bioaccumulation of trace elements in abdomen muscles of crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus, which is sea food having a great attraction in human consumption.

Temporal changes in concentrations of some trace elements in muscle tissue of crayfish, astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823), from Keban Dam Lake

Descriptions of new species of Cambarus, to which is added synonymical list of the known species of Cambarus and Astacus. Proceeding of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 20:107-158.

Predicting and mapping the potential distribution of the painted devil crayfish, Cambarus ludovicianus Faxon (Decapoda: Cambaridae)

For crayfish, we used the mean weight (27 g) estimated in an earlier study in this region for European crayfish Astacus astacus specimens preyed on by otters (Kloskowski 1999).

Resource availability and use by Eurasian otters Lutra lutra in a heavily modified river-canal system

leniusculus have been found replacing populations of Astacus astacus and Austropotamobius pallipes, reaffirming that ecological mechanisms identified in the laboratory may be sufficient for species replacements (Holdich and Domaniewski, 1995; S6derback, 1995).

Laboratory competition hierarchies between potentially invasive rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) and native crayfishes of conservation concern

The picture of Per Collinder and colleagues in the December issue's "Exploring Those Odd-Named Star Clusters" (page 39) in fact shows not a lobster dinner but a traditional Swedish crayfish party (Astacus astacus, now unfortunately at a high risk of extinction in the wild).

Astronomical feast

Previous work on the crayfish Astacus astacus showed that the number of agonistic challenges, mean duration, and maximum intensity of encounters, were also initially high but then decreased steadily as the hierarchy developed [8].

Sensory systems and environmental change on behavior during social interactions