a city in the Federal Republic of Germany, in North Rhine-Westphalia, near Dortmund. Population, 84,000 (1970). River port on the Rhine-Herne Canal (freight turnover, 1.4 million tons). It is one of the coal-mining centers of the Ruhr. In addition to coal mining, there is chemical (nitrogen), petrochemical, and cement industry and the manufacture of pipe and metal items.