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Cellobiose

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cellobiose

[‚sel·ō′bī‚ōs]
(organic chemistry)
C12H22O11 A disaccharide which does not occur freely in nature or as a glucoside; a unit of cellulose and lichenin; crystallizes as minute water-soluble crystals from alcohol. Also known as cellose.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Cellobiose

 

a carbohydrate of the disaccharide class. Composed of two glucose radicals that are joined by a β-glucoside bond, cellobiose is the basic structural unit of cellulose. It is a white crystalline substance that is readily soluble in water. Cellobiose is characterized by reactions of the aldehyde (semiacetal) group and of the hydroxyl groups. In acid hydrolysis or when catalyzed by the enzyme β-glucosidase, it splits to form two molecules of glucose. Cellobiose is obtained by the partial hydrolysis of cellulose. It is found in free form in the sap of certain trees.

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
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References in periodicals archive
Huang, "Conversion of cellulose and cellobiose into sorbitol catalyzed by ruthenium supported on a polyoxometalate/metal-organic framework hybrid," ChemSusChem, vol.
In addition, the stp1 exhibited a higher level of expression in sophorose than in cellulose, although it is involved in cellobiose and glucose transport [21].
Then, 2.5 mL of the culture ([OD.sub.600] = 1.9) was transferred to YPGGC (3.0 g [L.sup.-1] yeast extract, 5.0 g [L.sup.-1] peptone, 20.0 g [L.sup.-1] galactose, 20.0 g [L.sup.-1] glucose and 10.0 g [L.sup.-1] cellobiose) and cultured under the same conditions.
In the first screening, twenty-three yeast strains were assessed individually for their ability to grow in medium containing CMC, Avicel[R], cellobiose and xylan from Birchwood (Sigma) as sole carbon sources (Table 1).
all amino acids and a number of sugars, such as trehalose, cellobiose, maltose, sucrose, glucose, and fructose, were tested.
stipitis does not require the addition of vitamins to the fermentation of xylose and it is able to use different sugars as substrates, such as glucose and cellobiose (Agbogbo & Wenger, 2007; Bellido et al., 2011).
Matsumura et al., "A novel combined thermometric and amperometric biosensor for lactose determination based on immobilised cellobiose dehydrogenase," Biosensors and Bioelectronics, vol.
The pretreatment that had the greater effect for the transformation of cellulosic material to the accessible enzyme was saccharification of dilute acid, a pretreatment that generates sugars such as xylose (0.07069 g xylose/g biomass) and cellobiose (0.02946 g cellobiose/g biomass).
It was positive for glucose, sorbitol, rhamnose, L-arabinose, melibiose, lysine, ornithine, citrate, galactoside, and cellobiose tests and negative for sucrose, raffinose, inositol, adonitol, urea, hydrogen sulfide, indole, arginine, tryptophan deaminase, aesculin, acetoin, malonate, tartrate, acetamide, cetrimide, and Voges-Proskauer tests.
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