Born Sept. 2,1837, in Nanp’i Prefecture, Chihli Province; died Oct. 5, 1909, in Peking. Chinese state figure.
Chang Chih-tung was governor-general of Kwangtung-Kwangsi from 1884 to 1889 and of Hupeh-Hunan from 1889 to 1907; from November 1894 to February 1896 he served as governor-general in Nanking. In 1907 he became a member of the supreme ruling body, the Military Council, in Peking. He advocated moderate bourgeois reforms of the Chinese economy, political system, and culture. Chang Chih-tung opened a number of modern industrial plants in Wuhan, Nanking, and Canton. In the same cities he also founded several general-education schools and military academic institutions similar to those in Europe.