The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Chlorotrifluoroethylene

(CF₂ = CFC1), a colorless gas with boiling point - 28.4°C; very poorly soluble in water, but readily soluble in organic solvents.

Chlorotrifluoroethylene has properties characteristic of fluorinated olefins; it readily undergoes radical polymerization and copolymerization with various vinyl monomers, such as tetrafluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, and ethylene. The compound is obtained by the dechlorination of 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, CFC1₂—CF₂C1, in the presence of zinc. It is stored in steel tanks. Inhibitors (1 percent tributylamine or dipentene) are added to prevent spontaneous polymerization.

Chlorotrifluoroethylene forms explosive mixtures with air in concentrations of 28.5–35.2 percent. It is used mainly for the production of polychlorotrifluoroethylene (a fluoroplastic), the co-polymer of chlorotrifluoroethylene with vinylidene fluoride, and chlorotrifluoroethylene telomers, which are used in the manufacture of chemically and thermally stable lubricants.

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References in periodicals archive

Hou, "Synthesis and characterization of waterborne fluoropolymers prepared by the one-step semi-continuous emulsion polymerization of chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinyl acetate, butyl acrylate, veova 10 and acrylic acid," Molecules, vol.

Ameduri, "(Co)polymers of Chlorotrifluoroethylene: synthesis, properties, and applications," Chemical Reviews, vol.

Mares, "Surfactant-free emulsion polymerization of chlorotrifluoroethylene with vinylacetate or vinylidene fluoride," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol.

Engineered Multifunctional Fluorinated Film Based on Semicontinuous Emulsion Polymerization Using Polymerizable Quaternary Ammonium Emulsifiers

ABBREVIATIONS DSC Differential scanning calorimetry EAA Ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer ECTFE Poly(ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene) NIPS Non-solvent induced phase separation PA Polyamide PE Polyethylene PP Polypropylene PPS Poly(phenylene sulfide) PVB Polyvinyl butyral) PVDF Poly(vinylidene fluoride) TEG Triethylene glycol TEP Triethyl phosphate TIPS Thermally induced phase separation REFERENCES

Effect of TEP content in cooling bath on porous structure, crystalline and mechanical properties of PVDF hollow fiber membranes

The most common commercially available fluoropolymers are based on monomers of tetrafluoroeth-ylene, vinylidene fluoride, and chlorotrifluoroethylene. (5) Both homopolymers and copolymers of these three monomers with compounds such as perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers, hexaffuoropropylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and perfluorobutyl ethylene exhibit increased chemical and flame resistance, photo and thermal stability, and enhanced lubricity when compared to their non-fluorine containing counterparts.

Fluoropolymers for coating application

PVDF can copolymerize with many fluorinated alkene monomers, such as tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and hexafluoropropylene (HFP).

Simultaneous stretching and static electric field poling of poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) copolymer films

Abbreviation Composition PTFE Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) FEP Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co- hexafluoropropylene) PFA Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co- perfluoropropylvinyl ether) ETFE Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co- ethylene) PCTFE Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) ECTFE Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene- co-ethylene) PVDF Poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVF Poly(vinyl fluoride)

Advances in fluoroplastics

Similar reinforcement due to crystallinity in the binder was found in KF-800, a c opolymer of 3/1 mole ratio chlorotrifluoroethylene to vinylidene fluoride, in LX-17 PBX (14).

Dynamic mechanical signatures of Viton A and plastic bonded explosives based on this polymer *

Table 2 Other Modified Polymers Primary Monomer Modifier Primary Effect(s) Vinylidene Fluoride HFP Flexibility, Impact Strength (VDF) CTFE Flexibility, Impact Strength TrFE Piezoelectric, Ferroelectric TFE Solubility, Flexibility HFA Optical Clarity Ethylene Base Resistance Chlorotrifluoroethylene VDF Solubility, Processibility (CTFE) Table 3 Physical Property Data for MFA 620 Film.

High performance films: review of new materials and trends

Reding and Brown [25] applied various thermal techniques to poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (PCTFE) and observed that the spherulites in their quenched and subsequently reheated polymer did not become as large as those in the sample slowly cooled from the melt, nor did the quenched and reheated polymer become as brittle as the melt-cooled polymer.

Polymer Toughness and Impact Resistance

Films made from poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene), PCTFE, and its copolymers with vinylidene fluoride, [VF.sub.2] ([is less than] 4%) have excellent optical, chemical, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties.

Crystallinities of poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) and its copolymers by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and density measurements